ACL Reconstruction and the Role of Physiotherapy in Recovery at Athos Physio Manchester
This weeks blog post focuses on a common injury we see clients come to us with at Athos Physio Manchester - ACL injuries. Read on to learn more about ACL injuries, reconstruction and our physiotherapy treatment plan in our Manchester clinic.
What is ACL Reconstruction, and Why is it Needed?
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a crucial ligament in the knee, responsible for stabilising joint movement and preventing excessive forward motion of the tibia (shin bone). ACL injuries are one of the most common knee injuries, particularly among athletes and active individuals. These injuries often occur due to sudden stops, rapid changes in direction, pivoting movements, or direct impact to the knee. Sports such as football, basketball, skiing, and rugby have a higher risk of ACL tears. Symptoms of an ACL injury typically include a popping sensation at the time of injury, swelling, pain, and instability when bearing weight. Without proper treatment, an ACL tear can lead to chronic knee instability and further damage to the cartilage and meniscus, increasing the likelihood of osteoarthritis. Understanding the causes and symptoms of ACL injuries is essential for effective treatment and rehabilitation.
What is ACL Reconstruction, and Why is it Needed?
ACL injuries, particularly tears, are common among athletes and individuals engaged in high-impact sports. When the ligament is torn, it does not heal on its own, and in many cases, surgical intervention is required to restore knee function.
ACL reconstruction is a surgical procedure that replaces the torn ligament with a graft, often taken from the hamstring or patellar tendon. This surgery is typically recommended for individuals who want to return to sports or activities requiring knee stability. Without reconstruction, an unstable knee can lead to recurrent injuries, cartilage damage, and an increased risk of osteoarthritis in the future. At Athos Physio Manchester, we specialise in sports physiotherapy and biomechanics physiotherapy to support ACL recovery and we see many clients with this injury.
Why is Physiotherapy Essential After ACL Reconstruction?
Physiotherapy is a fundamental part of the recovery process following ACL reconstruction. The surgery itself is only the first step; a structured rehabilitation programme ensures the knee regains strength, mobility, and function. At Athos Physio, we provide expert physiotherapy to aid in pain reduction, movement restoration, and strength rebuilding to support the knee and prevent re-injury. Without proper rehabilitation, the knee may remain weak, limiting daily activities and reducing athletic performance.
What Are the Main Benefits of Physiotherapy Following ACL Surgery?
Restoring Knee Mobility – Early physiotherapy sessions help regain full knee extension and flexion, preventing stiffness.
Reducing Pain and Swelling – Manual therapy, ice therapy, and specific exercises help control inflammation.
Strengthening Muscles – Quadriceps, hamstrings, and glute muscles are targeted to stabilise the knee.
Improving Balance and Proprioception – Specialised biomechanics physiotherapy training to stabilise the knee.
Safe Return to Sport or Activities – Progressive sports physiotherapy programmes ensure patients regain confidence before resuming high-impact activities.
How Do Physiotherapists Help with ACL Injury Recovery?
Here at Athos Physio, we can play a crucial role in guiding patients through a structured rehabilitation plan tailored to their specific needs. This involves:
Initial Pain Management – Ice therapy, compression, and gentle mobility work to reduce swelling and discomfort.
Range of Motion Exercises – Stretching and movement techniques to prevent stiffness.
Progressive Strength Training – Exercises targeting key muscle groups to provide knee stability.
Neuromuscular Training – Balance, coordination, and biomechanics physiotherapy drills to restore natural knee control.
Sport-Specific Rehabilitation – Advanced movement patterns to ensure a safe return to competitive activities.
How Long Does the Rehabilitation Process Take After ACL Reconstruction?
ACL rehabilitation is a gradual process and can take anywhere between 6 to 12 months, depending on individual progress, adherence to physiotherapy, and overall knee strength. A general recovery timeline includes:
0-2 Weeks: Managing pain and swelling, regaining knee extension.
2-6 Weeks: Improving range of motion, beginning strength exercises.
6-12 Weeks: Progressive strength training, proprioception, and controlled movements.
3-6 Months: Advanced strength work, endurance training, and impact exercises.
6-12 Months: Return-to-sport training, agility drills, and functional movements.
What Should and Shouldn’t Be Done in the Early Stages of ACL Recovery?
Do’s:
Follow your physiotherapist exercise plan.
Use ice therapy to control swelling.
Keep the knee elevated when resting.
Gradually increase movement but stay within pain limits.
Wear a knee brace if prescribed.
Don’ts:
Avoid putting excessive weight on the knee too soon.
Do not rush into high-impact activities.
Avoid prolonged sitting with a bent knee, which can cause stiffness.
Refrain from ignoring pain or swelling, as it may indicate overuse.
Which Physiotherapy Exercises Help Restore Strength and Flexibility After ACL Surgery?
Deep tissue massage and tailored exercises help restore knee function effectively. Key exercises include:
Heel Slides – Encourages knee flexion.
Quadriceps Sets – Strengthens the thigh muscles without straining the knee.
Straight Leg Raises – Builds strength in the quadriceps while protecting the knee.
Mini Squats – Improves knee stability and strength.
Step-Ups – Encourages controlled knee movement and balance.
Resistance Band Exercises – Strengthens surrounding muscles to improve stability.
Single-Leg Balance Exercises – Enhances proprioception and knee control.
Lunges and Controlled Plyometrics (later stages) – Prepares the knee for high-impact activities.
FAQs About ACL Recovery Physiotherapy
1. When can I start walking after ACL surgery?
Most patients can start walking with crutches immediately after surgery, but full weight-bearing without support typically begins within 2-6 weeks, depending on individual progress and physiotherapy recommendations.
2. How long will I need physiotherapy?
Physiotherapy usually lasts 6-12 months, with the intensity decreasing as the knee strengthens and mobility improves. Athos Physio ensures tailored rehabilitation for faster recovery.
3. Can I return to sports after ACL surgery?
Yes, but only after a structured rehabilitation programme. Most athletes return to sports within 9-12 months, ensuring they pass functional movement tests and regain full strength and stability with physiotherapy.
4. What happens if I skip physiotherapy?
Skipping physiotherapy can lead to long-term complications such as stiffness, muscle weakness, and re-injury. Physiotherapy helps ensure full recovery and minimises future issues.
5. Is pain normal during ACL rehabilitation?
Mild discomfort is expected, especially during stretching and strengthening exercises. However, sharp or persistent pain should be reported to a physiotherapist to adjust the rehabilitation plan accordingly.
Conclusion
ACL reconstruction is a significant procedure that requires dedicated post-surgical physiotherapy to ensure a successful recovery. A well-structured rehabilitation programme restores knee function, reduces the risk of re-injury, and enables individuals to return to an active lifestyle. Sports massage and deep tissue massage can complement physiotherapy in recovery. At Athos Physio, we provide expert physiotherapy massage and rehabilitation to help you regain mobility and confidence. If you’re recovering from ACL surgery, staying committed to physiotherapy rehabilitation is key to achieving the best possible outcome.